Overview
Auxiliary particles (副助詞 ふくじょし) — also called additional or adverbial particles — attach to a word to add a special shade of meaning: contrast, inclusion, limitation, emphasis, and more. Unlike case particles (が, を, に), which mark grammatical roles, auxiliary particles layer nuance onto whatever they attach to.
This lesson surveys the most important ones. Several have appeared in earlier lessons; here they’re organized into a single reference.
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